Rigid and interventional airway endoscopy 183 Ernst Eber, Thomas Nicolai and Fabio Midulla Sedation for airway endoscopy 190 Jacques de Blic 5 – Imaging Conventional chest radiography 196 Matthias C. Schaal and Meinrad Beer Lung/chest ultrasonography 203 Michael Riccabona Chest computed tomography 212 Harm A.W.M. Tiddens, Pierluigi Ciet and Marcel van Straten Chest magnetic resonance imaging 222 Pierluigi Ciet, Harm A.W.M. Tiddens and Piotr Wielopolski Lung isotope imaging methods 234 Georg Berding Chest interventional radiology 238 Efthymia Alexopoulou, Argyro Mazioti and Dimitrios Filippiadis 6 – Respiratory infections Upper respiratory tract infections 244 Rossa Brugha, Chinedu Nwokoro and Jonathan Grigg Acute lower respiratory tract infections 253 Vanessa E. Craven and Mark L. Everard Acute viral bronchiolitis 267 Fabio Midulla, Greta Di Mattia and Laura Petrarca Pleural infection, necrotising pneumonia and lung abscess 274 Fernando Maria de Benedictis, Roberto Guidi and Giovanni Cobellis Mycobacterial infection and disease 284 James Paton Protracted bacterial bronchitis and non-CF bronchiectasis 312 Adeline Y.L. Lim, Ahmad Kantar and Anne B. Chang