Inequalities in disease and ill health: what are we observing, and what are the mechanisms? 11. Inequalities in cystic fibrosis 116 Susanna A. McColley 12. Health inequality and COPD 129 Aishath Fazleen, Anna Freeman, Alex Kong, Tommaso Morelli, Alastair Watson, Benjamin Welham and Tom Wilkinson 13. Inequalities in asthma 141 Mohammad Alsallakh, Karl A. Holden and Gwyneth Davies 14. Lung cancer and inequalities in access to multidisciplinary lung 153 cancer services Georgia Hardavella, Andriani Charpidou, Armin Frille, Emmanouil Panagiotou, Maria Joana Catarata, Edward Caruana and Torsten Gerriet Blum 15. Societal drivers of antimicrobial resistance 167 Thomas Hampton 16. Inclusion health: respiratory health among people affected by 180 social exclusion Emily J. Tweed and S. Vittal Katikireddi A global view of respiratory inequalities and approaches to solve these 17. Preventable deaths from respiratory diseases in children in low- and 194 middle-income countries Justus M. Simba, Anne Irungu, Samuel Otido, Duncan Tumwa, Samson Mugane, Resty Musigula, David Andai, Faith Atieno, Mary Nyambura and Patrick Mburugu 18. Air quality in low- and middle-income countries: what is the impact on 203 respiratory morbidity and mortality? Sathya Swarup Aithal, Vibhu Bhargava, Akorede Adekoya, Nagendra Chaudhary, Sudhir K. Tyagi and Om P. Kurmi 19. Global inequalities in tuberculosis 214 Uzochukwu Egere and Helen M. Nabwera 20. Can a quality improvement approach reduce inequalities in respiratory 220 health? Jonathan Pham, Lisa McKenzie, Lindsay Martin and C. Michael Roberts 21. A human rights-based approach to equity in respiratory health 228 Sarah J. Mayell, Ceri L. Jones and Ian P. Sinha 22. Global inequalities in children with asthma 236 Warren Lenney, Andrew Bush, Dominic A. Fitzgerald, Erick Forno, Mark L. Levy, Jianguo Hong, Indra Narang, Varinder Singh, Manuel E. Soto-Martinez and Heather Zar