xiv List of abbreviations AHI apnoea–hypopnoea index ASV adaptive servo ventilation BMI body mass index BP blood pressure BPAP bilevel positive airway pressure CHF congestive heart failure CPAP continuous positive airway pressure CSA central sleep apnoea CSR Cheyne–Stokes respiration CVD cardiovascular disease COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease DBP diastolic BP EDS excessive daytime sleepiness EEG electroencephalography EMG electromyography ENT ear, nose and throat EOG electrooculography EPAP expiratory positive airway pressure ESS Epworth Sleepiness Scale FVC forced vital capacity FRC functional residual capacity FEV 1 forced expiratory volume in 1 s HF heart failure ICSD International Classification of Sleep Disorders IPAP inspiratory positive airway pressure MRI magnetic resonance imaging MSLT Multiple Sleep Latency Test NIV noninvasive ventilation NREM non-rapid eye movement OHS obesity hypoventilation syndrome OSA obstructive sleep apnoea OSAS OSA syndrome OSLER Oxford Sleep Resistance Test P aCO 2 arterial carbon dioxide tension P aO 2 arterial oxygen tension PAP positive airway pressure PSG polysomnography P tcCO 2 transcutaneous carbon dioxide tension REM rapid eye movement SAHS sleep apnoea–hypopnoea syndrome S aO 2 arterial oxygen saturation SDB sleep disordered breathing SBP systolic blood pressure V' E minute ventilation