Pneumonia 199 Mark Woodhead Hospital-acquired pneumonia 203 Francesco Blasi Opportunistic infections in the immunocompromised host 207 Thomas Fuehner, Mark Greer, Jens Gottlieb and Tobias Welte Pneumonia in the immunocompromised host 211 Santiago Ewig Pleural infection and lung abscess 215 Amelia Clive, Clare Hooper and Nick Maskell Influenza, pandemics and SARS 222 Wei Shen Lim Chapter 8 – Tuberculosis Pulmonary tuberculosis 229 Giovanni Sotigu and Giovanni Battista Migliori Extrapulmonary tuberculosis 241 Aik Bossink Tuberculosis in the immunocompromised host 245 Martina Sester Latent tuberculosis 248 Jean-Pierre Zellweger Nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases 251 Claudio Piersimoni