32 Sunyer-Vidal J-G, Rodes M, Lupiáñez-Villanueva F. Policy context for digital transformation: benefits and
challenges of implementing EU digital health regulation. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds.
Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 132–141.
33 Heads of Medicines Agencies -European Medicines Agency. HMA-EMA Joint Big Data Taskforce. www.ema.
europa.eu/en/about-us/how-we-work/big-data Date last accessed: 22 September 2023.
34 Cano I, Lluch-Ariet M, Gomez-Cabrero D, et al. Biomedical research in a digital health framework. J Translat
Med 2014 12: 1–9.
35 Norman CD, Skinner HA. eHealth literacy: essential skills for consumer health in a networked world. J Med
Internet Res 2006 8: e9.
36 Dimitrov DV. Medical internet of things and big data in healthcare. Healthc Inform Res 2016 22: 156–163.
37 Regulation (EU) 2017/745 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2017 on medical devices,
amending Directive 2001/83/EC, Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 and Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 and repealing
Council Directives 90/385/EEC and 93/42/EEC 2017. https://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2017/745/oj/eng Date last
accessed: 17 September 2023.
38 Andrikopoulou E, Scott PJ, Herrera H. Important design features of personal health records to improve
medication adherence for patients with long-term conditions: protocol for a systematic literature review. JMIR
Res Protoc 2018 7: e159.
39 Angelucci A, Aliverti A. The Medical Internet of Things: applications in respiratory medicine. In: Pinnock H,
Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds. Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European
Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 1–15.
40 Licari A, Ferrante G, Malizia V, et al. Medical assistive robots. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds.
Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 16–26.
41 Cano I, Arismendi E, Borrat X. Digital health frameworks. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds. Digital
Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 27–37.
42 Markus AF, Arinze JT, Verhamme KMC. Big data: challenges and opportunities within respiratory care. In:
Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds. Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield,
European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 38–50.
43 Exarchos K, Kostikas K. Artificial intelligence. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds. Digital
Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 51–62.
44 Gilbert S. European regulation of digital respiratory healthcare. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D,
eds. Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 63–78.
45 Kayser L, Phanareth K. Leave no one behind: the role of digital health literacy. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V,
Drummond D, eds. Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society,
2023 pp. 79–94.
46 Hansen C, Ringel M, Evans L, et al. Leave no community behind: the digital divide. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V,
Drummond D, eds. Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2023
pp. 95–106.
47 Andrikopoulou E, Thwaites T, De Vos R. Rapport and ethics in a digital world: impact on individuals. In:
Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds. Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield,
European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 107–121.
48 Drummond D, Gonsard A, Robinson PD. Digital respiratory medicine for children and young people. In: Pinnock H,
Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds. Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European
Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 122–131.
49 Lokmic-Tomkins Z, Davies S, Bhandari D, et al. Interconnectedness of digital health, climate change and respiratory
care: navigating an environmentally sustainable path forward. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds.
Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 142–159.
50 Mittelstadt B. The impact of artificial intelligence on the doctor-patient relationship. Strasbourg, Council of
Europe, 2021.
51 Royal College of General Practitioners. Relationship-based care. www.rcgp.org.uk/representing-you/policy-areas/
relationship-based-care Date last accessed: 17 September 2023.
52 Drummond D, Coulet A. Technical, ethical, legal, and societal challenges with digital twin systems for the
management of chronic diseases in children and young people. J Med Internet Res 2022 24: e39698.
53 Sijm-Eeken ME, Arkenaar W, Jaspers MW, et al. Medical informatics and climate change: a framework for
modeling green healthcare solutions. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2022 29: 2083–2088.
54 Poberezhets V, Kasteleyn MJ, Aardoom JJ. The use of digital health solutions for COVID-19: pandemic
surveillance, remote monitoring and big data. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds. Digital
Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 160–169.
55 Fielding KL, Subbaraman R, Khan A, et al. The use of digital technologies in adherence to anti-tuberculosis
treatment. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds. Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph).
Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 170–184.
https://doi.org/10.1183/2312508X.10016623 xv
challenges of implementing EU digital health regulation. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds.
Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 132–141.
33 Heads of Medicines Agencies -European Medicines Agency. HMA-EMA Joint Big Data Taskforce. www.ema.
europa.eu/en/about-us/how-we-work/big-data Date last accessed: 22 September 2023.
34 Cano I, Lluch-Ariet M, Gomez-Cabrero D, et al. Biomedical research in a digital health framework. J Translat
Med 2014 12: 1–9.
35 Norman CD, Skinner HA. eHealth literacy: essential skills for consumer health in a networked world. J Med
Internet Res 2006 8: e9.
36 Dimitrov DV. Medical internet of things and big data in healthcare. Healthc Inform Res 2016 22: 156–163.
37 Regulation (EU) 2017/745 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2017 on medical devices,
amending Directive 2001/83/EC, Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 and Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 and repealing
Council Directives 90/385/EEC and 93/42/EEC 2017. https://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2017/745/oj/eng Date last
accessed: 17 September 2023.
38 Andrikopoulou E, Scott PJ, Herrera H. Important design features of personal health records to improve
medication adherence for patients with long-term conditions: protocol for a systematic literature review. JMIR
Res Protoc 2018 7: e159.
39 Angelucci A, Aliverti A. The Medical Internet of Things: applications in respiratory medicine. In: Pinnock H,
Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds. Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European
Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 1–15.
40 Licari A, Ferrante G, Malizia V, et al. Medical assistive robots. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds.
Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 16–26.
41 Cano I, Arismendi E, Borrat X. Digital health frameworks. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds. Digital
Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 27–37.
42 Markus AF, Arinze JT, Verhamme KMC. Big data: challenges and opportunities within respiratory care. In:
Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds. Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield,
European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 38–50.
43 Exarchos K, Kostikas K. Artificial intelligence. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds. Digital
Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 51–62.
44 Gilbert S. European regulation of digital respiratory healthcare. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D,
eds. Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 63–78.
45 Kayser L, Phanareth K. Leave no one behind: the role of digital health literacy. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V,
Drummond D, eds. Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society,
2023 pp. 79–94.
46 Hansen C, Ringel M, Evans L, et al. Leave no community behind: the digital divide. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V,
Drummond D, eds. Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2023
pp. 95–106.
47 Andrikopoulou E, Thwaites T, De Vos R. Rapport and ethics in a digital world: impact on individuals. In:
Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds. Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield,
European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 107–121.
48 Drummond D, Gonsard A, Robinson PD. Digital respiratory medicine for children and young people. In: Pinnock H,
Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds. Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European
Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 122–131.
49 Lokmic-Tomkins Z, Davies S, Bhandari D, et al. Interconnectedness of digital health, climate change and respiratory
care: navigating an environmentally sustainable path forward. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds.
Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 142–159.
50 Mittelstadt B. The impact of artificial intelligence on the doctor-patient relationship. Strasbourg, Council of
Europe, 2021.
51 Royal College of General Practitioners. Relationship-based care. www.rcgp.org.uk/representing-you/policy-areas/
relationship-based-care Date last accessed: 17 September 2023.
52 Drummond D, Coulet A. Technical, ethical, legal, and societal challenges with digital twin systems for the
management of chronic diseases in children and young people. J Med Internet Res 2022 24: e39698.
53 Sijm-Eeken ME, Arkenaar W, Jaspers MW, et al. Medical informatics and climate change: a framework for
modeling green healthcare solutions. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2022 29: 2083–2088.
54 Poberezhets V, Kasteleyn MJ, Aardoom JJ. The use of digital health solutions for COVID-19: pandemic
surveillance, remote monitoring and big data. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds. Digital
Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 160–169.
55 Fielding KL, Subbaraman R, Khan A, et al. The use of digital technologies in adherence to anti-tuberculosis
treatment. In: Pinnock H, Poberezhets V, Drummond D, eds. Digital Respiratory Healthcare (ERS Monograph).
Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2023 pp. 170–184.
https://doi.org/10.1183/2312508X.10016623 xv