ADC Adenocarcinoma ALK Anaplastic lymphoma kinase COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CT Computed tomography CTLA4 Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 DLCO Diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide EBUS Endobronchial ultrasound EGF Epidermal growth factor EGFR Epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR-TKI Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor EUS Endoscopic ultrasound FEV1 Forced expiratory volume in 1 s FGFR Fibroblast growth factor receptor FISH Fluorescence in situ hybridisation FVC Forced vital capacity HER2 Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 HGF Hepatocyte growth factor IHC Immunohistochemistry LCNEC Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma NGS Next-generation sequencing NSCLC Nonsmall cell lung cancer PET Positron emission tomography PFS Progression-free survival SCC Squamous cell carcinoma SCLC Small cell lung cancer TGF Transforming growth factor TKI Tyrosine kinase inhibitor VATS Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor VEGFR Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor List of abbreviations