HIV positive Household contact Other risk group# No No Yes Yes Yes No Follow-up for TB disease as necessary, even for patients who have completed preventive treatment Any symptom¶of current cough, fever, weight loss or night sweats Preventive treatment contraindicated?§ Give preventive treatment## Defer preventive treatment Symptomatic?+ No TB disease Investigate for TB disease 5 years ≥5 years TST or IGRA Negative CXR Abnormal Normal or unavailable Positive or unavailable FIGURE 1Legend overleaf. 214 https://doi.org/10.1183/2312508X.10025322 ERS MONOGRAPH |THE CHALLENGE OF TB IN THE 21ST CENTURY