BAL bronchoalveolar lavage BPD bronchopulmonary dysplasia CDH congenital diaphragmatic hernia CF cystic fibrosis CHD congenital heart disease CPAM congenital pulmonary airway malformation CPAP continuous positive airway pressure CT computed tomography ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation FEV 1 forced expiratory volume in 1 s FRC functional residual capacity GOR gastro-oesophageal reflux HRCT high-resolution computed tomography IUGR intra-uterine growth restriction MAS meconium aspiration syndrome MRI magnetic resonance imaging NEHI neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy NICU neonatal intensive care unit NRD neonatal respiratory distress P aCO2 arterial carbon dioxide tension P aO2 arterial oxygen tension PCD primary ciliary dyskinesia P CO2 carbon dioxide tension PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure PH pulmonary hypertension PPHN persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn PVR pulmonary vascular resistance RDS respiratory distress syndrome RSV respiratory syncytial virus S pO2 oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry TTN transient tachypnoea of the newborn VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor List of abbreviations