ART Antiretroviral therapy BCG Bacille Calmette–Guerin CAP Community-acquired pneumonia cART Combination antiretroviral therapy CMV Cytomegalovirus COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease EBV Epstein–Barr virus FEV1 Forced expiratory volume in 1 s FVC Forced vital capacity HAV Hepatitis A virus HBV Hepatitis B virus HCV Hepatitis C virus HLA Human leukocyte antigen IFN Interferon IL Interleukin IRIS Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome LIP Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia LRTI Lower respiratory tract infection NNRTI Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor NRTI Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor PAH Pulmonary arterial hypertension PCP Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia PCV Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine PH Pulmonary hypertension PPV Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine ROS Reactive oxygen species RSV Respiratory syncytial virus TB Tuberculosis TMP-SMX Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole TNF Tumour necrosis factor List of abbreviations