CONTENTS The Guest Editors vii Preface viii Introduction ix Part 1 Acute respiratory failure and NIV 1. Physiological rationale of noninvasive mechanical ventilation use in acute 3 respiratory failure G. Prinianakis, M. Klimathianaki, D. Georgopoulos 2. NIV: indication in case of acute respiratory failure in obstructive pulmonary 24 diseases N. Ambrosino, A. Corrado 3. Management of acute respiratory failure in restrictive disorders 37 (obesity excluded) J.C. Winck, M. Gonçalves 4. NIV for acute hypercapnic respiratory failure in obese patients 47 A. Cuvelier, N. Amiot, B. Lamia, L.C. Molano, J-F. Muir 5. NIV: indication in case of acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure 60 (pulmonary oedema and immunosuppressed patients excluded) M. Ferrer, A. Torres 6. NIV for cardiogenic pulmonary oedema 72 A. Gray, D. Schlosshan, M.W. Elliott 7. NIV: indication in case of acute respiratory failure and immunosuppression 94 G. Hilbert 8. NIV: indication in case of acute respiratory failure in children 110 O. Nørregaard 9. NIV: use during the pre-hospital management of patients with acute 133 respiratory failure F. Thys, S. Spencer, F. Verschuren, N. Delvau, J. Roeseler, F. Templier 10. NIV for weaning from mechanical ventilation and post-extubation ARF 143 C. Girault 11. NIV for acute respiratory failure: modes of ventilation and ventilators 154 F. Vargas, A. Thille, A. Lyazidi, L. Brochard 12. NIV in the acute setting: technical aspects, initiation, monitoring and choice 173 of interface S.M. Maggiore, G. Mercurio, C. Volpe The European Respiratory Monograph Number 41 November 2008 Contents MON 41.qxd 03/12/2008 10:48 Page 1