9.5 Treatment-emergent CSA, idiopathic CSA, high-altitude 222 periodic breathing and CSA in non-cardiac medical neurological conditions Shahrokh Javaheri, Timothy I. Morgenthaler, Winfried Randerath and Bernardo Selim 10 – Sleep disordered breathing in patients with other disorders 10.1 Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 230 interstitial lung diseases Maria R. Bonsignore, Walter T. McNicholas, Izolde Bouloukaki and Sophia E. Schiza 10.2 Diabetes and metabolic syndrome 242 Marie Bruyneel and Maria R. Bonsignore 10.3 Hypothyroidism and acromegaly 248 Marie Bruyneel and Sonia Deweerdt 11 – Obesity hypoventilation syndrome 254 Victor R. Ramírez Molina, Jean-Louis Pépin and Juan F. Masa Jiménez 12 – Neuromuscular and chest wall disorders 12.1 Disorders that cause respiratory failure 263 Imran J. Meurling and Joerg Steier 12.2 Assessment of respiratory muscle weakness 269 Neeraj M. Shah, Georgios Kaltsakas and Joerg Steier 12.3 Symptoms and signs of hypoventilation 273 Anita K. Simonds 12.4 Peri-operative assessment and management of pregnancy 278 Anita K. Simonds 13 – Treatment of hypoventilation syndromes 13.1 Noninvasive ventilation 282 Marieke L. Duiverman, Renzo Boersma and Peter J. Wijkstra 13.2 Indications for tracheostomy 293 Anita K. Simonds 13.3 Cough augmentation techniques 296 Tiina Andersen and Michel Toussaint