Contents Preface v Guest Editors vii Introduction ix 1. Epidemiology of CAP in Europe 1 Anika Singanayagam, James D. Chalmers and Tobias Welte 2. The pneumonia triad 13 Santiago Ewig 3. Microbiology of bacterial CAP using traditional and 25 molecular techniques Mayli Lung and Jordi Rello 4. The pathophysiology of pneumococcal pneumonia 42 Daniel G. Wootton, Stephen J. Aston and Stephen B. Gordon 5. Pneumonia due to Mycoplasma, Chlamydophila and Legionella 64 Francesco Blasi, Paolo Tarsia and Marco Mantero 6. The role of viruses in CAP 74 Gernot G.U. Rohde 7. Severity assessment tools in CAP 88 Helena Sintes, Oriol Sibila, Grant W. Waterer and James D. Chalmers 8. CAP phenotypes 105 Benjamin Klapdor, Santiago Ewig and Antoni Torres 9. Lower respiratory tract infections and adult CAP in primary care 117 Matt P. Wise and Christopher C. Butler 10. CAP in children 130 Susanna Esposito, Maria Francesca Patria, Claudia Tagliabue, Benedetta Longhi, Simone Sferrazza Papa and Nicola Principi 11. Empirical antibiotic management of adult CAP 140 Mark Woodhead and Muhammad Noor Number 63 March 2014