11. The upper abdomen 148 Stefan Posth and Ole Graumann 12. The mediastinum 161 Felix J.F. Herth 13. Ultrasound of the neck for airway management 172 Michael S. Kristensen and Wendy H. Teoh 14 Focused cardiac ultrasound 184 Gabriele Via, Anthony Dean, Gabriele Casso, Brian Bridal Løgstrup and Guido Tavazzi 15. Newborns, infants and children 206 Francesco Raimondi, Fiorella Migliaro, Antonietta Giannattasio, Letizia Capasso, Claudia Lucia Piccolo, Margherita Trinci, Vittorio Miele and Stefania Ianniello, 16. Ultrasound-guided procedures 226 John P. Corcoran, Mark Hew, Fabien Maldonado and Coenraad F.N. Koegelenberg 17 Future directions 244 Christian B. Laursen, Najib M. Rahman and Giovanni Volpicelli